Pollutants, sources of pollutants and green house effect

1. What is a pollutant?
A) A beneficial substance
B) A waste material that pollutes air, water, or soil
C) A pure substance
D) None of these

2. Which factor does NOT determine the severity of a pollutant?
A) Chemical nature
B) Concentration
C) Color
D) Persistence

3. What are the harmful substances present in air called?
A) Air contaminants
B) Air pollutants
C) Water pollutants
D) Soil pollutants

4. What type of pollutants are oxides of carbon and nitrogen?
A) Secondary pollutants
B) Primary pollutants
C) Tertiary pollutants
D) Organic pollutants

5. What is the major source of carbon oxides emission?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Combustion of fossil fuels
C) Industrial waste
D) Ocean water evaporation

6. Which gas is responsible for the greenhouse effect?
A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Hydrogen

7. How much does the atmospheric temperature increase annually due to global warming?
A) 0.05°C
B) 1°C
C) 2°C
D) 0.5°C

8. What is the primary component of acid rain formed by nitrogen oxides?
A) Nitric acid
B) Sulphuric acid
C) Carbonic acid
D) Hydrochloric acid

9. What does a catalytic converter in automobiles do?
A) Converts CO to CO2
B) Converts CO2 to O2
C) Reduces O2 to N2
D) Increases NOx concentration

10. What percentage of SO2 in the atmosphere comes from fossil fuel combustion?
A) 50%
B) 60%
C) 80%
D) 90%

11. What effect does SO2 have on humans?
A) Causes asthma
B) Increases oxygen supply
C) Causes respiratory irritation
D) Improves breathing

12. What causes oxides of nitrogen to form in the atmosphere?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Combustion of fossil fuels
C) Water evaporation
D) Soil contamination

13. Which gas is considered a secondary air pollutant?
A) Nitric acid
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Methane
D) Nitrogen

14. What process removes sulphur from fossil fuels?
A) Filtration
B) Combustion
C) Sulphur extraction
D) Desulphurization

15. What is the effect of global warming on glaciers?
A) Freezing
B) Melting
C) Stability
D) Expansion

16. What is the major component of the atmosphere?
A) Nitrogen and oxygen
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Methane
D) Hydrogen

17. What is the natural balance between CO2 and O2 related to?
A) Photosynthesis and respiration
B) Fossil fuel combustion
C) Industrial emissions
D) Atmospheric pressure

18. Which pollutant is most harmful in closed spaces?
A) Carbon monoxide
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Sulphur dioxide
D) Nitric oxide

19. What is the function of a catalytic converter in a vehicle?
A) Reduces air pollution
B) Increases fuel efficiency
C) Produces more CO2
D) Filters out O2

20. What is CO known as?
A) Essential gas
B) Air pollutant
C) Inert gas
D) Neutral gas

21. What is the result of higher CO concentration in the air?
A) Improved breathing
B) Health hazard
C) Reduced combustion
D) Less pollution

22. How are nitrogen oxides (NOx) formed naturally?
A) By industrial activity
B) Electrical lightning in air
C) Decomposition of plants
D) Soil contamination

23. What causes flood risks to increase due to global warming?
A) Rising sea levels
B) Reduced CO2 concentration
C) Decreased temperature
D) Soil erosion

24. What are sulphur compounds mainly produced by?
A) Ocean evaporation
B) Industrial combustion
C) Tree growth
D) Natural soil processes

25. How does CO2 act in the atmosphere?
A) It absorbs UV radiation
B) It traps infrared radiation
C) It releases nitrogen
D) It decreases temperature

26. What happens when fossil fuels are burnt in the absence of enough oxygen?
A) More CO2 is produced
B) More CO is produced
C) Nitrogen oxides increase
D) Water vapors are formed

27. What is the main consequence of global warming on weather patterns?
A) Normal weather
B) More extreme weather events
C) Decreased global temperature
D) Less rainfall

28. What does SO2 form when it reacts with water?
A) Hydrochloric acid
B) Nitric acid
C) Sulphuric acid
D) Carbonic acid

29. What is the natural source of carbon oxides emission?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Volcanic eruptions
C) Automobile exhaust
D) Industrial waste

30. What is the main environmental concern related to CO2?
A) It causes acid rain
B) It contributes to global warming
C) It increases oxygen supply
D) It reduces sea levels

Answers:

1. B
2. C
3. B
4. B
5. B
6. C
7. A
8. A
9. A
10. C
11. C
12. B
13. A
14. D
15. B
16. A
17. A
18. A
19. A
20. B
21. B
22. B
23. A
24. B
25. B
26. B
27. B
28. C
29. B
30. B