1. What are nucleic acids made up of?
A) Amino acids
B) Nucleotides
C) Fatty acids
D) Carbohydrates
2. What is a nucleotide composed of?
A) Nitrogenous base, amino acid, phosphate
B) Nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, phosphate
C) Fatty acid, nitrogenous base, sugar
D) Sugar, protein, nucleotide
3. Which type of sugar is found in DNA?
A) Glucose
B) Ribose
C) Fructose
D) Deoxyribose
4. Who discovered the structure of DNA?
A) Albert Einstein
B) J. Watson and F. Crick
C) Isaac Newton
D) Louis Pasteur
5. What shape does DNA form?
A) Single strand
B) Double helix
C) Triple helix
D) Spiral ring
6. What are the two main components that make up the backbone of DNA?
A) Phosphate and nitrogenous base
B) Sugar and nitrogenous base
C) Sugar and phosphate
D) Sugar and amino acids
7. Where is genetic information stored in a cell?
A) Ribosome
B) DNA
C) RNA
D) Cell membrane
8. What role does DNA play in a cell?
A) Provides energy
B) Stores genetic information
C) Produces hormones
D) Transmits electrical signals
9. How is genetic information passed to the next generation?
A) Through proteins
B) Through amino acids
C) Through genetic code in DNA
D) Through enzymes
10. What determines the protein development in new cells?
A) Sequence of nucleotides
B) Sequence of nitrogenous bases
C) Sequence of amino acids
D) Sequence of phosphates
11. What is the purpose of the double helix formation of DNA?
A) To store energy
B) To ensure no disorder occurs
C) To produce RNA
D) To transmit information faster
12. What type of sugar is found in RNA?
A) Deoxyribose
B) Glucose
C) Ribose
D) Fructose
13. What is the structure of RNA?
A) Double-stranded
B) Single-stranded
C) Triple-stranded
D) Circular
14. What is the role of RNA in the cell?
A) Stores energy
B) Stores genetic information
C) Synthesizes carbohydrates
D) Helps build proteins
15. How does RNA receive genetic information?
A) From ribosomes
B) From DNA
C) From proteins
D) From the cell membrane
16. What type of molecule is RNA responsible for synthesizing?
A) Fats
B) Proteins
C) Carbohydrates
D) Vitamins
17. How are the two chains of DNA linked together?
A) By proteins
B) By nitrogenous bases
C) By fatty acids
D) By lipids
18. What are the nitrogenous bases in DNA responsible for?
A) Carrying energy
B) Protein synthesis instructions
C) Transporting oxygen
D) Insulating cells
19. What is the role of RNA as described in the text?
A) Acting as a messenger
B) Storing energy
C) Producing hormones
D) Storing fats
20. Which molecule is responsible for decoding genetic information?
A) DNA
B) Lipids
C) RNA
D) Proteins
21. Which part of the cell contains the DNA?
A) Nucleus
B) Ribosomes
C) Mitochondria
D) Cell membrane
22. Which molecule is synthesized by DNA to transmit genetic information?
A) RNA
B) Protein
C) Fatty acids
D) Carbohydrates
23. What type of bond forms between two DNA strands?
A) Ionic bond
B) Covalent bond
C) Hydrogen bond
D) Peptide bond
24. Which nitrogenous base is NOT found in RNA?
A) Adenine
B) Cytosine
C) Thymine
D) Guanine
25. What does RNA use to decode the information from DNA?
A) Enzymes
B) Sugars
C) Nucleotides
D) Nitrogenous bases
26. What type of sugar forms the backbone of RNA?
A) Glucose
B) Fructose
C) Ribose
D) Deoxyribose
27. How is the information from DNA used by RNA?
A) To store fats
B) To build new proteins
C) To conduct electrical signals
D) To synthesize carbohydrates
28. What determines whether a cell will become a nerve or muscle cell?
A) Sequence of RNA
B) Sequence of DNA bases
C) Amount of sugar
D) Number of phosphates
29. Which molecule is responsible for passing genetic instructions from generation to generation?
A) RNA
B) Lipids
C) DNA
D) Carbohydrates
30. How does the double helix structure of DNA prevent errors?
A) By being flexible
B) By wrapping tightly
C) By organizing base pairs
D) By blocking enzyme access
Correct Answers:
- B
- B
- D
- B
- B
- C
- B
- B
- C
- B
- B
- C
- B
- D
- B
- B
- B
- B
- A
- C
- A
- A
- C
- C
- D
- C
- B
- B
- C
- C